a biography of Muhammad

a newspaper article chronicling the history of Islam

an 11th century manuscript illustration depicting a dinner party in Baghdad

a will of the last Abbasid caliphate

an autobiography of an Umayyad soldier

an encyclopedia entry on Islamic Empires

a census record of the population of Damascus at the time of the Umayyad Islamic Empire

a map of Abbasid trade routes drawn by an Abbasid military official

a short story by a modern writer that takes place in the Abbasid Islamic Empire