effort to modernize European industrial, business, and agricultural equipment and practices

reconstruction plan established on June 5, 1947

contributed to the renewal of the European transport system

became the basis of U.S. Cold War policy throughout Europe and around the world

same aid was not accepted by the U.S.S.R. and allies

success measured by 35% higher national outputs in 1951 than 1938

effort to reduce trade barriers and instill European sense of self-reliance

policy of the U.S. to support free people resisting attempted conquest by armed minorities or by outside pressures

U.S. sent $400 million, but no military forces, to Greece and Turkey to combat communism

shifted U.S. foreign policy toward the U.S.S.R. from detente to a policy of containment of Soviet expansion